We often make use of the mean or average of the given data set at many places in our daily life, such as average population growth rate, bacterial growth rate, etc. Arithmetic mean, geometric mean or harmonic mean is used for the average calculations. Mean provides us the overall idea of a data set.
The geometric mean is the average value of a group of products. Its calculation is commonly used to determine investment results. It’s also known as the nth root value of the product of n numbers. For calculating portfolio performance, the geometric mean is a very useful tool. It is because it considers the effects of compounding.
Example: Find the geometric mean of 5,4.
Solution: Geometric mean = nProduct of n numbers =25×4 =20 =4.47
Here n = 2 since there are 2 numbers
Properties of Geometric Mean
The following are some of the GM’s important properties:
- The Geometric mean for a given data set is always less than the data set’s arithmetic mean.
- If the G.M replaces each entity in the data set, the product of the entities remains unchanged.
- The ratio of the geometric means of two series’ corresponding G.M observations is equal to the ratio of their geometric means.
- The products of the corresponding G.M items in two series are equal to the geometric mean product.
Formula of Geometric Mean
The Geometric Mean’s (G.M) of an n-observation data set is the nth root of the product of the values. Consider the case where A1, A2,…, An are the observations for which we want to compute the geometric mean. The formula for calculating the geometric mean is as follows:
GM = A1 ⋅A2⋅A3 …⋅An or
GM = (A1 ⋅A2⋅A3 …⋅An)1/n
It is also represented as:
GM = ni=1nAi
Taking logarithm on both sides,
log GM = log (A1 ⋅A2⋅A3 …⋅An)1/n
= (1/n) log (A1 ⋅A2⋅A3 …⋅An)
= (1/n) [log A1 + log A2 + … + log An]
= logAin
Therefore, geometric mean, GM = Antilog ( logAin)Where n = f1 + f2 +…..+ fb
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Relation Between AM, GM and HM
Before learning the relationship. We must know the formulas of all these three means.
Assume that “p” and “q” are the two number and the number of values = 2, then
Arithmetic Mean(AM) = P+Q2
⇒ 1AM = 2P+Q ……. (1)
Geometric Mean(GM) = PQ
⇒ GM2 = PQ ……. (2)
Harmonic Mean(HM) = 2[1P+1Q]
⇒HM = 2[P+QPQ]
⇒ HM = 2PQ[P+Q]] ….. (3)
Now, by substituting equation (1) and (2) in (3), we get
HM = GM2 /AM
⇒GM2 = AM × HM
Or else,
GM = AMHM
This shows the relation between AM,GM and HM
Examples
Example 1: Find the geometric mean’s of 12, 24, 6, 30.
Solution: Here n = 4 as there are 4 values.
We have the equation of geometric mean as
GM = ni=1nAi
= 412×24×6×30 = 451840
GM = 15.089
Arithmetic Progression
In mathematics, there are three different types of progressions. They are, Arithmetic Progression (AP), Geometric Progression (GP) and Harmonic Progression (HP). A progression is a special type of sequence for which it is possible to obtain a formula for the nth term.
The Arithmetic Progression is the most commonly used sequence in math with easy to understand formulas. An arithmetic sequence or progression is defined as a sequence of numbers in which for every pair of consecutive terms, the second number is obtained by adding a fixed number to the first one. Corresponding to these progressions we have three means. They are Arithmetic mean, Geometric mean’s and Harmonic mean.
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